NATURE AND EXTENT OF CROP DIVERSIFICATION IN HIMACHAL PRADESH,INDIA:AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
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Abstract
The nature and extent of crop diversification in the northern hilly state of Himachal Pradesh has been analyzed by collecting secondary data for the period 1972-73 to 2010-11. The data were analyzed by using Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI) and Multiple Linear Regression to analyze the nature and extent of crop diversification and factor affecting crop diversification in the state. The HHI for different crop groups has shown that cereal, pulses, oilseed and commercial (sugarcane and tea) crop groups had higher diversification index during pre-WTO than during post-WTO period. However, the diversification index was higher during post-WTO period for fruits, vegetables and spices. The results have revealed that that major factors responsible for the changes in crop diversification have been per capita income, high yielding seeds, irrigation, fertilizer consumption, road length, proportion of small and marginal landholders in total holdings, average size of land holding, mechanization and regulated markets. Crop diversification is influenced by large number of infrastructure and technological factors as well. The study suggests the development of basic infrastructural facilities like regular supply of irrigation water, availability of critical inputs like fertilizers & pesticides and assured transport & communication facilities for creating enabling conditions for promoting the process of crop diversification and agricultural growth in the state.
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