BEHAVIOUR MODIFICATION OF CHILDREN WITH LEARNING DISABILITIES
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Abstract
Learning disabled children are those who suffer from serious learning disabilities. Learning Disability (LD) is not a single disorder, but is a general category of special education composed of disabilities in any of seven specific areas: (1) receptive language (listening), (2) expressive language (speaking), (3) basic reading skills, (4) reading comprehension, (5) written expression, (6) mathematics calculation, and (7) mathematical reasoning. These separate types of learning disabilities frequently co-occur with one another and with social skill deficits and emotional or behavioural disorders. Most of the available information concerning learning disabilities relates to reading disabilities, and the majority of children with learning disabilities have their primary deficits in basic reading skills. An important part of the definition of LD is its exclusions- learning disabilities cannot be attributed primarily to mental retardation, emotional disturbance, cultural difference, or disadvantage. Thus, the concept of LD focuses on the notion of a discrepancy between a child’s academic achievement and his or her apparent capacity to learn. The present paper highlights on different types of children with learning disabilities and the techniques used in modifying their behaviour.
References
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Dane, Elizabeth. (1990), Painful Passages, NASW Press, Written by a social worker, this book offers information on understanding and working with the individuals with learning disabilities and their families.
Farnham-Diggory, Sylvia. (1992), The Learning Disabled Child. Harvard University Press. This book presents a comprehensive overview of learning disabilities.
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Swanson, H. Lee, Harris, Karen L. & Graham, Steve. (2003), Handbook of Learning Disabilities. The Guilford Press. This is a comprehensive volume of articles on understanding and remediating learning disabilities.
Wong, B.Y. (1997), The ABC's of Learning Disabilities. Academic Press, An excellent overview of learning disabilities, a review of current research in the field and academic intervention.
http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Learning_disability
http://www.ldonline.org/ldbasics/whatisld
http://www. learningdisabilities.org.uk
http://www. mencap.org.uk
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