DISTRIBUTION OF SOYBEAN DISEASE IN FARMERS FIELD OF KYMORE PLATEAU ZONE OF MADHYA PRADESH
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Abstract
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] is one of the most important crops for world food security, ranking first among field crops for protein production. Many pathogens have been observed infecting the crop that includes fungus, bacteria, nematode and viruses. The crop is prone for infection at all grown stages. In the present research work the incidence of various diseases of soybean was determined in farmers field during 2015 and 2016 at Jabalpur, Seoni and Katni district. The disease incidence was measured by as per the formula advocated by Singh and Singh (2000). At farmers field the prevalance of three major diseases on roots and stem including sclerotial collar rot, aerial blight and dry root rot diseases was observed. The mean incidence of aerial blight (Rhizoctonia solani) ranged from 3.0 to 21.0 % whereas sclerotial collar rot (Sclerotium rolfsii) ranged from 4.0 to 12.0 % and dry root rot (Rhizoctonai bataticiola) 3.5 to 12.5%. Dry root rot was observed during second fortnight of October whereas sclerotial collar rot during second fortnight of July. Under humid condition during second fortnight of August to second fortnight of September aerial blight (Rhizoctonia soloni) prevalance was dominant. The diseases were identified on the bases of typical symptoms under natural field conditions. On leaves at farmers field three diseases were observed bacterial pustule, yellow mosaic and anthracnose. Rust was not observed in the five locations of Jabalpur, Katni and Seoni during Kharif 2015 and 2016. The incidence of bacterial pustule and yellow mosaic was maximum (32.5 and 37.5 %) in Jabalpur district whereas incidence of anthracnose was maximum in Katni district (11.5%).
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