OIL REGULATORY GENES OF BRASSICA JUNCEA (INDIAN MUSTARD): A REVIEW

Authors

  • CHANDAN BHARTI MISHRA ,

Keywords:

Abstract

Improvement in seed oil content is a major target of plant breeders and biotechnologists worldwide. Import of edible oil in our own country to meet our demand-supply gap cost several thousands of crores in valuable foreign exchange. Therefore development of strategies to increase oil content of oilseed crops is of paramount importance. Brassica species comprise oilseed and a variety of vegetable crops. In the Indian subcontinent, Brassica juncea (Indian mustard) is the major oilseed crop after groundnut.Oil is mostly accumulated in seeds in the form of Triacylglycerols (TAGs). These TAGs are synthesized from fatty acyl-CoA and glycerol-3-phosphate in the endoplasmic reticulum of the cell. Fatty acids are exclusively synthesized in the plastids from acetyl-CoA and then transported in the form of fatty acyl-CoA to the cytoplasm. TAGs are synthesized by the stepwise acylation of glycerol-3-phosphate in the endoplasmic reticulum, (Kennedy pathway). Phosphatidic acid is formed from glycerol-3-phosphate with the help of two enzymes, glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and lyso-phosphatidic acid acyltransferase, which add fatty acyl moieties to the sn-1 and sn-2 positions of glycerol-3-phosphate respectively. Phosphatidic acid is hydrolysed by the enzyme phosphatidate phosphahydrase to give diacylglycerol (DAG). TAGs are synthesized by the addition of a third acyl chain to DAG by the enzyme diacylglycerol acyltransferase.

References

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Published

2016-04-30

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 3 (2016): April 2016

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Articles

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