PHYTOREMEDIATION POTENTIAL OF SPIRODELA POLYRHIZA (GIANT DUCKWEED) FOR THE TREATMENT OF DOMESTIC WASTE WATER AT GWALIOR (M.P.)
Keywords:
Abstract
Due to rapid population growth, increasing per capita water consumption, disposal of waste material in fresh water resources and geographical disparities between centers of population growth, by ecological degradation and availability of water, water scarcity became an issue to overcome the problem. Various technologies of wastewater management, which are simple, practical, economical, environmental friendly and capable of recycling or generating resources would be most desirable (Harrison 2002).
The different selected physicochemical parameters i.e. pH, Electric Conductance, Total Dissolved Solids, Total Suspended Solids, Total Solids, Chloride, Total Hardness, Ca hardness, Mg Hardness, Total Alkalinity, Nitrates, Phosphate & Potassium were analysed with standard protocol. Phytoremediation potential of Spirodela polyrhiza were assessed before and after treatment showed good capacity to remove pollutants from the aqueous solutions. Selected physico-chemical parameters other than Dissolved oxygen were decreases in all experimental setup at various concentrations. Among all the concentrations S. polyrhiza performed well at 100% & 75% of concentration and most of the parameters showed maximum reduction in the same concentration. Also, results revealed that application of industrial waste/effluent markedly improved the soil available potassium.
The present study still need further research to investigate the role of S. polyrhiza in detail with special reference to any effect on other living forms and its potential to remove toxic chemicals present in waste water.
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References
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Table:1 : Physico-chemical analysis of different concentration of experimental setup with S. polyrhiza
S.No. Parameters Period Experimental setup
Control 25% 50% 75% 100%
pH 0days 7.32 7.64 7.73 7.92 8.33
days 7.30 7.59 7.68 7.87 8.25
days 7.28 7.40 7.58 7.76 8.00
days 7.26 7.34 7.54 7.71 7.77
EC
(S/cm3) 0days 686 896 1171 1399 1621
days 680 820 1084 1205 1060
days 615 795 1025 1060 1385
days 589 767 1061 841 1240
TDS
(mg/l) 0days 600 920 1340 1795 2160
days 560 780 1100 1530 1860
days 532 640 1030 1310 1582
days 489 521 865 1095 1245
TSS
(mg/l) 0days 60 63 68 80 89
days 51 58 56 60 78
days 48 49 46 52 60
days 40 44 41 44 55
TS
(mg/l) 0days 660 983 1408 1875 2249
days 611 838 1156 1590 1938
days 580 689 1076 1362 1642
days 529 565 906 1139 1300
TH
(mg/l) 0days 846 1706 2133 2506 2793
days 802 1465 1952 2140 2260
days 750 1280 1605 1820 2016
days 669 1093 1246 1460 1826
CaH
(mg/l) 0days 306 646 760 946 1050
days 299 509 702 650 675
days 310 455 532 560 626
days 274 453 341 355 656
MgH
(mg/l) 0days 540 1060 1373 1560 1743
days 503 956 1250 1490 1585
days 440 825 1073 1260 1390
days 395 640 905 1105 1170
Nitrates
(mg/l) 0days 3.50 4.20 6.20 8.80 10.20
days 3.40 3.98 6.01 8.50 9.00
days 2.86 3.20 5.70 8.10 8.70
days 2.30 2.70 4.60 8.00 7.80
Chloride
(mg/l) 0days 16.75 32.61 65.82 84.27 103.33
days 15.25 28.10 57.11 76 90
days 14.56 25.79 52.75 68.9 81
days 14 24 46 65 77
Alkalinity
(mg/l) 0days 120 643.33 823.33 944 1002
days 109 560 709.17 857.9 920
days 100 474 503 688.22 835.76
days 88 366 450 503 675.09
DO
(mg/l) 0days 9.50 2.20 1.40 0.90 0
days 9.80 2.20 1.80 1 0.56
days 8.70 3.15 2.76 1.61 1.02
days 9.20 4.65 3.01 2.05 1.60
COD
(mg/l) 0days 12.00 265 310 380 486
days 11.50 252 298 368 462
days 10.30 201 251 290 388
days 8.30 190 180 227 272
Phosphates
(ppm) 0days 4.16 4.52 5.98 6.45 7.50
days 4.03 4.21 5.65 6.21 7.10
days 3.88 3.97 4.72 5.62 5.40
days 3.61 3.22 4.03 4.43 3.80
Potassium
(ppm) 0days 22.00 28.00 31.76 35.87 39.7
days 21.80 27.20 30.65 34.21 38.73
days 20.50 24.40 28.54 30.11 36.50
days 19.65 21.09 26.76 26.54 32.20
Note.: EC- Electrical conductivity, TDS-Total Dissolved Solids; TSS- TDS-Total Suspended Solids; TS-Total Solids; TH- Total hardness; CaH- Calcium hardness; MgH- Magnesium hardness;
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